Gregory Bard's Mathematical Lineage
The Mathematics Genealogy Project, run by the
American Mathematical Society, is an attempt to trace back the roots of
every mathematician, in terms of who supervised their doctoral research. In a sense,
a PhD student's advisor is their parent, giving them guidance and help but also
setting standards and imposing discipline. Likewise, schools of thought and mathematical
perspectives are often inherited from advisor to student, and it can be interesting to
see who has descended from whom. I have traced my own mathematical lineage to 1668,
when my great-great-great-great-great-great-great-great-great-great-great-great-great-grand
advisor Otto Mencken got his doctorate at the Universität Leipzig. Of course, the concept
of doctoral supervisor is not really the same thing in the 18th century and in the 21st,
but this is still a worthwhile notion.
My lineage is listed below:
- Lawrence Washington advised Gregory Bard, at the University of Maryland (USA.)
(Dissertation: Algorithms, for the Solution of Linear and Polynomial Systems of
Equations over Finite Fields, with Applications to Cryptanalysis, 2007.)
- Kenkichi Iwasawa advised
Lawrence Clinton Washington,
at Princeton University (USA.) (Dissertation: Class Numbers and Zp-extensions, 1974.)
- Shokichi Iyanaga advised Kenkichi
Iwasawa, at the University of Tokyo (Japan.) (Dissertation: Über die endlichen Gruppen und die
Verbände ihrer Untergruppen, 1945.)
- Teiji Takagi advised
Shokichi Iyanaga, at Tokyo Imperial University (Japan.) (Dissertation: Unknown, 1931.)
- David Hilbert advised
Teiji Takagi, at Tokyo Imperial University (Japan.) (Dissertation: Unknown, 1903.)
(Hilbert was at the University of Göttingen at the time, so Teiji Takagi must have traveled.)
- C. L. Ferdinand Lindemann advised David Hilbert, at
Universität Königsberg (Now Kaliningrad,
Russia, then Prussia.) (Dissertation: Über invariante Eigenschaften specieller binärer Formen,
insbesondere der Kugelfunctionen, 1885.)
- C. Felix Klein advised
Carl Louis Ferdinand Lindemann, at Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (Germany.)
(Dissertation: Über unendlich kleine Bewegungen und über Kraftsysteme bei allgemeiner
projektivischer Maßbestimmung, 1873.)
- Both Julius Plücker and Rudolf Lipschitz advised
Christian Felix Klein,
at Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn (Germany.) (Dissertation: Über die
Transformation der allgemeinen Gleichung des zweiten Grades zwischen
Linien-Koordinaten auf eine kanonische Form, 1868.) Plücker supervised Klein, but
Lipschitz was his examiner. Both these roles are performed by the advisor in our day.
Therefore I will continue with Plücker's lineage, and list Lipschitz's below.
- Christian Gerling advised
Julius Plücker, at Philipps-Universität Marburg (Germany.) (Dissertation: Generalem
analyeseos applicationem ad ea quae geometriae altioris et mechanicae basis et fundamenta
sunt e serie Tayloria deducit, 1823.)
- Carl Gauss advised
Christian Ludwig Gerling, at Georg-August-Universität Göttingen (Germany.)
(Dissertation: Methodi proiectionis orthographicae usum ad calculos parallacticos facilitandos
explicavit simulque eclipsin solarem die, 1812.)
- Johann Pfaff advised
Carl Friedrich Gauss, at Universität Helmstedt. (Dissertation: Demonstratio nova
theorematis omnem functionem algebraicam rationalem integram unius variabilis in factores
reales primi vel secundi gradus resolvi posse, 1799.)
- Abraham Kaestner advised
Johann Friedrich Pfaff,
at Georg-August-Universität Göttingen. (Dissertation: Commentatio de ortibus et occasibus
siderum apud auctores classicos commemoratis, 1786.)
- Christian Hausen advised
Abraham Gotthelf Kaestner, at Universität Leipzig (Germany.)
(Dissertation: Theoria radicum in aequationibus, 1739.)
- Johann Wichmannshausen advised
Christian August Hausen, at Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg (Germany.)
(Dissertation: De corpore scissuris figurisque non cruetando ductu, 1713.)
- Otto Mencken advised
Johann Christoph Wichmannshausen, at Universität Leipzig (Germany.)
(Dissertation: Disputationem Moralem De Divortiis Secundum Jus Naturae, 1685.)
- It is unknown who advised Otto
Mencken. He received his doctorate at
Universität Leipzig (Germany.) (Dissertation: Thomae Hobbesii Epicureismum historice delineatum
sistit, 1668.)
- The database has positively identified 27,023 mathematicians who descend from Mencken.
And now, continuing with the other branch of Klein's lineage:
- Gustav Dirichlet advised Rudolf
Otto Sigismund Lipschitz, at Universität Berlin (Germany.) (Dissertation: Determinatio
status magnetici viribus inducentibus commoti in ellipsoide, 1835.)
- Both Simeon Poisson and Jean-Baptiste Fourier advised
Gustav Peter Lejeune Dirichlet,
at Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn (Germany.)
(Dissertation: Partial Results on Fermat's Last Theorem, Exponent 5, 1827.)
- Joseph Louis Lagrange advised
Jean-Baptiste
Joseph Fourier. The university, date and dissertation title are unknown.
- Leonhard Euler advised
Joseph Louis Lagrange. The university, date and dissertation title are unknown.
- Johann Bernoulli advised
Leonhard Euler, at Universität Basel (Switzerland.) The dissertation title is unknown,
but the year was 1726.
- Jacob Bernoulli advised
Johann Bernoulli. The university, and dissertation title are unknown, but the
year was 1694.
- Gottfried Leibniz advised
Jacob Bernoulli. The university, date and dissertation title are unknown.
- Erhard Weigel advised
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, at Universität Altdorf (Germany.) (Dissertation: Disputatio
Inauguralis De Casibus Perplexis In Jure, 1666.)
- It is unknown who Erhard
Weigel's advisor was. He studied at Universität Leipzig (Germany.)
(Dissertation: De ascensionibus et descensionibus astronomicis dissertatio, 1650.)
- The project has positively identified 28,236 PhD-holding mathematicians who
descend
from Weigel, even though Weigel has had only three known direct students... what a difference 354
years can make!
There are about 62,000 mathematicians in the database, so either
Weigel's or Mencken's descendants each represent about half the
mathematical world.
About 10,431 of mathematicians descend
from David Hilbert, and so you can see that the mathematical family tree
didn't really start
branching until the late 19th and 20th centuries.