Gregory V. Bard
Visiting Assistant Professor of Mathematics
Math Outreach
Mathematical Outreach, called vulgarization in French, is an old tradition which has rarefied
in the American Mathematical community. We, as mathematicians, are endowed with a
subject rich in both practicality and beauty. Many students may go their entire lives without
being exposed to research-level mathematics. And so, when time permits, I like to share with
high-school and middle-school students, or students at non-research colleges, bits and pieces
of modern mathematics. Keep in mind, this is not an easy audience to lecture to! But by sharing,
we expose future students to our subject and help them see the beauty and utility that is mathematics.
This was once a common activity, undertaken by such minds Norbert Wiener and Albert Einstein, but
now only a few carry on.
Formerly, I was more casual about it, but now I am becoming more organized. I am first offering the
talk below at Iona as a "test-drive". Once I feel it is a "good" talk, I will offer it to three or
four local high schools. In particular, graduating seniors, after the AP exams are over in May,
often have a rather empty month at the end of the year, and high school teachers are so busy,
that it is a win-win-win situation for all three groups involved.
On a related topic, click on MIINJC,
which discusses my project "Mathematics, It's Not Just Calculus."
My talks have included the following:
- Fordham University Math Club.
``Mathematics on Clay Tablets.'' In this
short talk, I will present a brief overview of Sumerian and Babylonian
mathematics. I will start by introducing the history of this branch of
archeology, and then discuss cuneiform writing and the scribal
culture that it lead to. Next, I will introduce base 60 arithmetic, and
discuss its legacy. After that I will discuss how they used large tables
of squares to perform multiplications. And I will wrap up with a description
of their notion of trigonometry. November 12, 2008.
- Iona College Math Club.
"Strange Notions of Distance, Metric Spaces, Spelling Checkers, and Error-Correcting Passwords."
This talk introduces the concept of a distance metric, and shares several of the
common ones, including the L-2 (Euclidean Distance Formula), L-1 (Manhattan
Distance), L-Infinity (Supremum Norm), Hamming Distance, and Minkowski Metric
(Special Relativity), though I do not go into detail on the last one. Next, I'll
introduce L-4 (used by a Danish furniture designer) and L-p for any p. Finally,
I'll explain the Damerau-Levenshtein String-Edit metric, which is used in
spell-checkers and genetics research, and explain how it is used in my
spelling-error tolerant passwords scheme. November 5, 2008.
- Center for Talented Youth
"Unlocking the Puzzle: A Survey of how Polynomial Systems of Equations are
used to solve problems in Medical Imaging, Information Security,
Aerodynamics, The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI),
and Rational Drug Design." Presented a one-hour survey of the applications
of polynomials to two sets of gifted 7th, 8th, and 9th graders, who were visiting
Fordham University. April 12, 2008.
- Iona College Math Club. "What is Chaos Theory?"
Presented a one-hour introduction to Chaos
Theory, the modeling of dynamical systems with extreme sensitivity to initial
conditions. I taught the concepts of fixed points of functions, attractors and repulsors,
periodic and asymptotically periodic orbits, and showed how the first derivative can be
calculated at these points to predict behavior. November 8, 2007.
- Fordham University Math Club.
"Algebraic Cryptanalysis." Introduced the
concept of a field, and presented the
connection between GF(2) polynomials and logic. Then showed how these
can be used to describe cryptographic systems. Highlighted methods of
solving those polynomials to break those systems. October 3, 2007.
- Mathematics Book Club.
"Using Matrices to Break Modern
Satellite and Telephony Codes." Was asked to present a one-hour talk
on my dissertation work, and in particular the aspects related to
cryptanalysis. Introduced the concept of a field, the link between
logic and GF(2), a brief description of stream ciphers, and an
overview of solving systems of polynomials over a finite field via
linear algebra. April 25, 2006.
- Historical Miniatures Gaming Society Lecture Series.
"What is Game Theory?"
Gave a pair of one hour talks on the basics of game theory,
how it can be taught at a high school level and the applications to modern
economic and military thought. Gettysburg, November 11 \& 12, 2005.
- School of Computer, Mathematical and Physical Sciences,
"Science \& Technology: Addressing the Need for Diversity" (STAND)
"Math Exploration Day."
Gave a pair of 45-minute interactive
demonstrations of cryptography to groups of visiting 7th grade
students, on Caesar Ciphers and Mono-alphabetic Substitution. October
21, 2005.